Revealed: Beethoven’s battle with lead poisoning—insights from his hair analysis – Times of India

NEW DELHI: High concentrations of lead discovered in verified samples of Ludwig van Beethoven’s hair suggest that the iconic composer suffered from lead poisoning, potentially contributing to several health issues throughout his life, including his well-documented hearing loss. This insight comes from a recent study analyzing strands of Beethoven’s hair, secured and authenticated by an international team of researchers.
According to a CNN report, the research, which began nearly a decade ago, aimed to fulfill Beethoven’s own wish for his medical conditions to be understood posthumously.The study involved DNA tests to identify genuine samples of his hair and led to the sequencing of his genome. Although this genomic analysis revealed Beethoven’s genetic predisposition for liver disease and a history of hepatitis B, it did not directly explain his deafness or gastrointestinal problems.
Further examination of Beethoven’s authenticated hair samples has now identified not only lead but also elevated levels of arsenic and mercury, elements that remained encapsulated in his hair 200 years after his death. The findings were detailed in a letter published in the journal “Clinical Chemistry.”
Lead study author Nader Rifai, a professor of pathology at Harvard Medical School, explained the significance of the lead levels found, stating that they were high enough to warrant immediate medical intervention today. The study notes that while these toxic metal concentrations contributed to Beethoven’s chronic symptoms—such as muscle cramps and kidney issues—they were not the sole cause of his death, the CNN report said.
The research highlights the common historical practice of collecting and keeping hair locks from notable figures. Beethoven’s samples, known as the Bermann Lock and the Halm-Thayer Lock, showed lead levels 64 and 95 times higher than what is typically expected, respectively.
Researchers speculate that Beethoven’s prolonged exposure to lead, arsenic, and mercury likely came from his diet and environment. His preference for wine and fish, combined with the practices of adding lead acetate to wine and the industrial pollution of the Danube River, were probable sources of these toxins.
This study not only sheds light on the medical struggles of Beethoven but also opens a new window into the intricate connections between his health and his musical genius. As the 200th anniversary of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony was recently celebrated, understanding his physical and emotional turmoil adds a profound layer of depth to the appreciation of his work and the challenges he overcame.